1865 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1865 in the United Kingdom.
Contents |
[edit] Incumbents
- Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom
- Prime Minister - Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Liberal (until 18 October), John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, Liberal
[edit] Events
- 28 May - The Mimosa sets sail, carrying Welsh emigrants to Patagonia.
- 25 June - James Hudson Taylor founds the China Inland Mission at Brighton.
- July - General election won by the Liberal Party led by Lord Palmerston.[1]
- 2 July - The Christian Mission, later renamed the Salvation Army, is founded in Whitechapel, London by William and Catherine Booth.[2][3]
- 4 July - Lewis Carroll publishes Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.[3]
- 5 July - First speed limit is introduced in Britain by the Locomotive Act — 2 mph in town and 4 mph in the country.[2]
- 14 July - A party led by Edward Whymper makes the first ascent of the Matterhorn.[3]
- 23 July - the SS Great Eastern departs on a voyage to lay a transatlantic telegraph cable.[3]
- 28 September - Elizabeth Garrett Anderson graduates as Britain's first woman doctor.[2]
- 9 October to 20 October - Unsuccessful uprising against British rule in Morant Bay, Jamaica; 400 rebels executed.[4]
- 29 October - Lord John Russell becomes Prime Minister following the death of Lord Palmerston on 18 October.[3]
- 11 November - Duar War with Bhutan ends with the Treaty of Sinchula, in which Bhutan cedes control of southern passes to Britain in return for an annual subsidy.[3]
- 16 December - Edward John Eyre, governor of Jamaica, dismissed and censured for his excessive actions during the suppression of the recent rebellion.[4]
[edit] Undated
- Francis Galton formulates eugenics.[5]
- Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation founded in Hong Kong by Thomas Sutherland.[3]
- James Clerk Maxwell publishes A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field.[3]
- Joseph Lister discovers the sterilising effects of carbolic acid.[3]
- In London, a new sewer system built by the Metropolitan Board of Works is opened.[3]
- Jumbo, a large African elephant, is transferred to London Zoo and becomes a popular attraction.
- New Poor Law Act improves conditions in workhouses.[4]
[edit] Publications
- Lewis Carroll's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.[4]
- Charles Dickens' novel Our Mutual Friend.[4]
[edit] Births
- 9 April - Laurence Hope, poet (died 1904)
- 2 June - George Lohmann, cricketer (died 1901)
- 3 June - King George V of the United Kingdom (died 1936)
- 15 July - Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, newspaper and publishing magnate (died 1922)
- 12 October - Arthur Harden, chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1940)
- 20 October - Sir Rhys Rhys-Williams, 1st Baronet, judge (died 1955)
- 27 October - Tinsley Lindley, footballer (died 1940)
- 4 December - Edith Cavell, nurse (died 1915)
- 30 December - Rudyard Kipling, writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1936)
[edit] Deaths
- 6 February - Isabella Beeton, cook and expert on household management (born 1836)
- 11 March - Robert Hermann Schomburgk, explorer (b. 1804, Freiburg)
- 8 June - Joseph Paxton, gardener and architect (born 1803)
- 25 July - James Barry, military surgeon (born 1795)
- 12 August - William Jackson Hooker, botanist (born 1785)
- 9 September - William Henry Smyth, astronomer and admiral (born 1788)
- 18 October - Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister (born 1784)
- 1 November - John Lindley, botanist (born 1799)
- 8 November - Thomas Sayers, boxer (born 1826)
- 12 November - Elizabeth Gaskell, novelist and biographer (born 1810)
[edit] References
- ^ Time traveller's guide to Victorian Britain Channel 4
- ^ a b c Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-141-02715-0.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "1865." The People's Chronology. Ed. Jason M. Everett. Thomson Gale, 2006.
- ^ a b c d e Palmer, Alan & Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 286. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Francis Galton, "Hereditary talent and character", Macmillan's Magazine 12 (1865): 157-166 and 318-327
