1985 in spaceflight
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The Timeline of Spaceflight WikiProject has identified this article as requiring cleanup and/or expansion to ensure consistency with other timeline aricles. Details
Concerns have been raised that:
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| Fact Sheet | |
|---|---|
| National Firsts | |
| Space Traveller |  Mexico Saudi Arabia |
| Rockets | |
| Maiden Flights | Space Shuttle Atlantis |
| Manned flights | |
| Orbital | 11 |
| Total travellers | 63 |
Contents |
[edit] Launches
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
| ← Jan · Feb · Mar · Apr · May · Jun · Jul · Aug · Sep · Oct · Nov · Dec → |
| Date/Time (UTC) | Rocket | Launch site | LSP | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload | Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
[edit] January |
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| 24 January 19:50 |
 Space Shuttle Discovery |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-51-C |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 27 January 21:23 |
Successful | ||
| USA-8 (Magnum 1) |
NRO | Geosynchronous | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Manned orbital flight with five astronauts | |||||||
[edit] April |
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| 12 April 13:59 |
Space Shuttle Discovery |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-51-D |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 19 April 13:54 |
Successful | ||
 Anik C1 |
Telesat Canada | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Leasat 3 |
US Navy | Current: Graveyard Operational: Geosynchronous |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first sitting member of the United States Congress to fly in space (Senator Jake Garn). Anik C1 was retired on 5 May 2003. Leasat 3 failed to maneuver to geosynchronous orbit and was re-captured by mission STS-51-I in August, repaired and subsequently maneuvered to geosynchronous orbit. Extensive brake and tyre damage upon landing at Kennedy Space Center. |
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| 29 April 16:02 |
Space Shuttle Challenger |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-51-B |
NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 6 May 16:11 |
Successful | ||
 Spacelab Long Module 1 |
NASA/ESRO | Low Earth (Challenger) | Microgravity research | Successful | |||
| GLOMAR |
Intended: Low Earth | Getaway Special | Deployment failure | ||||
| NUSAT |
Low Earth | Getaway Special | 15 December | Successful | |||
| Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts; GLOMAR failed to deploy from its GAS canister | |||||||
[edit] June |
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| 6 June 06:39 |
 Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
|
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| Soyuz T-13 |
Low Earth (Salyut 7) | Salyut 7 EO-4 | 26 September 09:51 |
Successful | |||
| Manned orbital flight with two cosmonauts | |||||||
| 17 June 11:33 |
Space Shuttle Discovery |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-51-G |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 24 June 13:11 |
Successful | ||
 Morelos 1 |
Morelos | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
 Arabsat 1B |
ArabSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Telstar 303 |
AT&T | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Spartan 101 |
NASA | Low Earth | Astronomy | 24 June 13:11 |
Successful | ||
| Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Saudi Arabian space traveller and member of royalty to fly in space (Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud) Arabsat 1B retired in 1993. |
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| 21 June 00:39 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
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| Progress 24 |
Low Earth (Salyut 7) | Logistics | 15 July 22:33 |
Successful | |||
[edit] July |
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| 19 July 13:05 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
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| Kosmos-1669 (Progress) |
Low Earth (Salyut 7) | Logistics | 30 August 01:20 |
Successful | |||
| 29 July 21:00 |
Space Shuttle Challenger |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-51-F |
NASA | Low Earth | Astronomical experiments | 6 August 19:45 |
Successful | ||
| PDP |
NASA | Low Earth | Plasma research | Successful | |||
| Spacelab 2 (three pallets) |
NASA/ESRO | Low Earth (Challenger) | Astronomy | Successful | |||
| Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts; A main engine shut-down during ascent caused an Abort to Orbit, the first abort of the Space Shuttle program. | |||||||
[edit] August |
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| 27 August 10:58 |
Space Shuttle Discovery |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-51-I |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment and repair | 3 September 13:15 |
Successful | ||
 Aussat 1 |
Aussat Pty Ltd | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| ASC-1 |
ASC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Leasat 4 |
US Navy | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure | ||
| Manned orbital flight with five astronauts Leasat 4 failed in orbit after becoming operational for a short period Retrieved Leasat 3, deployed by STS-51-D in April and repaired the malfunctioning perigee motor to allow the satellite to reach geosynchronous orbit. |
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[edit] September |
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| 13 September | ASM-135 ASAT |
Celestial Eagle, Vandenberg |
US Air Force |
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| US Air Force | Suborbital | Anti-satellite weapon | 13 September | Successful | |||
| Successful intercept and destruction of Solwind P78-1. | |||||||
| 17 September 12:38 |
Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
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| Soyuz T-14 |
Low Earth (Salyut 7) | Salyut 7 EP-5 | 21 November 10:31 |
Successful | |||
| Manned orbital flight with three cosmonauts | |||||||
| 27 September 08:41 |
Proton-K |
Baikonur Site 200/39 |
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| Kosmos-1686 (TKS) |
Low Earth (Salyut 7) | Logistics | 7 February 1991 | Successful | |||
| TKS-4; remained docked with Salyut 7 through that station's re-entry | |||||||
[edit] October |
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| 3 October 15:15 |
Space Shuttle Atlantis |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-51-J |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 7 October 17:00 |
Successful | ||
| USA-11 (DSCS-III) |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| USA-12 (DSCS-III) |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Manned orbital flight with five astronauts; Maiden flight of Space Shuttle Atlantis | |||||||
| 30 October 17:00 |
Space Shuttle Challenger |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-61-A |
NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 6 November 17:44 |
Successful | ||
| Spacelab Long Module 2 |
NASA | Low Earth (Challenger) | Spacelab D1 | Successful | |||
 GLOMAR |
DLR | Low Earth | Getaway Special | 26 December 1986 | Successful | ||
| Manned orbital flight with eight astronauts Maiden flight of Spacelab Long Module #2 |
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[edit] November |
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| 27 November 00:29 |
Space Shuttle Atlantis |
Kennedy LC-39A |
United Space Alliance |
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| STS-61-B |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 2 December 21:33 |
Successful | ||
| Morelos 2 |
Morelos | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Aussat A2 |
Aussat Pty Ltd | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Satcom K2 |
RCA Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| OEX Target |
NASA | Low Earth | 2 March 1987 | Successful | |||
| EASE/ACCESS |
NASA | Low Earth (Atlantis) | Structure assembly experiment | 2 December 21:33 |
Successful | ||
| Manned orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Mexican space traveller. | |||||||
| ← Jan · Feb · Mar · Apr · May · Jun · Jul · Aug · Sep · Oct · Nov · Dec → |
[edit] Deep Space Rendezvous
| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11 June | Vega 1 | delivered lander and balloon on Venus | |
| 15 June | Vega 2 | delivered lander and balloon on Venus | |
| 11 September | ISEE-3/ICE | Flyby of 21P/Giacobini-Zinner |
[edit] EVAs
| Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 April | 3 hours 6 minutes |
STS-51-D Discovery |
Jeffrey A. HoffmanS. David Griggs |
Installed an improvised switch-pulling tool, called the Flyswatter, on the RMS robotic arm. The Flyswatter was used in an effort to push the sequencer start lever on the Leasat-3 in the proper position for deployment.[1] This attempted repair was the first unplanned spacewalk in NASA history.[2] | |
| 2 August 07:15 |
5 hours | 12:15 | Salyut 7 EO-4 | Vladimir DzhanibekovViktor Savinykh |
Installed a third pair of solar arrays on exterior of Salyut 7. |
| 31 August | 7 hours 20 minutes |
STS-51-I Discovery |
William FisherJames van Hoften |
Van Hoften rode the RMS to capture the Leasat 3 satellite and pulled it into payload bay. Fisher and Van Hoften secured and started repairs on the satellite in the payload bay. The retrieval was complicated by a malfunction of the RMS that made operation of the arm more complicated.[3] | |
| 1 September | 4 hours 26 minutes |
STS-51-I Discovery |
William FisherJames van Hoften |
Completed repairs on the Leasat 3 satellite. Then Van Hoften, riding the RMS, heaved the satellite out of the payload bay, imparting the required spin needed to fire the perigee motor.[3] | |
| 29 November | 5 hours 32 minutes |
STS-61-B Atlantis |
Jerry L. RossSherwood C. Spring |
Practiced construction techniques in the payload bay and assembled and disassembled the two experimental EASE/ACCESS structures.[4] | |
| 1 December | 6 hours 41 minutes |
STS-61-B Atlantis |
Jerry L. RossSherwood C. Spring |
Conducted supplementary experiments on the EASE and ACCESS structures, including a test of the RMS to aid in the construction experiments.[4] |
[edit] References
Generic references:
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica". http://www.astronautix.com.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/index_frame.htm?http://space.skyrocket.de/chrono.htm.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA. http://spaceinfo.jaxa.jp.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report". Jonathan's Space Page. http://www.planet4589.org/jsr.html.
- "Mission Set Database". NASA GSFC. http://msdb.gsfc.nasa.gov/launches.php.
- "NASASpaceFlight.com". http://www.nasaspaceflight.com.
- "Launch Logs". Orbital Report News Agency. http://www.orbireport.com/Log.html.
- "Space Calendar". NASA JPL. http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/calendar/.
- "Southwest Space Archive". http://www.spacearchive.info/index.htm.
- "Launch Forecast". SPACE.com. http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/launches/launch_schedule.html.
- "Spaceflight Now". http://www.spaceflightnow.com.
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive". http://www.sworld.com.au/steven/space/.
- "U.S. Space Objects Registry". http://www.usspaceobjectsregistry.state.gov/.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" (in Russian). http://www.cosmoworld.ru/spaceencyclopedia/chrono/index.shtml.
[edit] Footnotes
- ^ "Space Shuttle Mission Archives". NASA. 2007. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51D.html. Retrieved on February 20, 2009.
- ^ Becker, Joachim; Janssen, Heinz Hermann (2009). "Human Spaceflights - STS-51D". Space Facts. http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/sts-51d.htm. Retrieved on February 20, 2009.
- ^ a b "Space Shuttle Flight 20 (STS-51A)". Space Shuttle Video Library. National Space Society. July 2008. http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle20.htm. Retrieved on February 21, 2009.
- ^ a b Rumerman, Judith; Gamble, Chris; Okolski, Gabriel (20007). "Human Spaceflight" (PDF). NASA History Division. p.45. http://history.nasa.gov/monograph41.pdf. Retrieved on February 23, 2009.
| Timeline of spaceflight | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1940s | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 | |||||||
| 1950s | 1950 | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 | 1955 | 1956 | 1957 | 1958 | 1959 | |||
| 1960s | 1960 | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1967 | 1968 | 1969 | |||
| 1970s | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | |||
| 1980s | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | |||
| 1990s | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | |||
| 2000s | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | |||
| 2010s | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |||
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