Khoshut
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The Khoshuud or Khoshut (Kalmyk: Хошууд) are one of the four major tribes of the Oirat people. Their ruling family Galwas was the Qasarid-Khorchins who were deported by the Western Mongols.
The Khoshuts first appeared in 1580's and by the 1620's were the most powerful Oirat tribe, led others in the Buddhism conversion. In 1636 Gushi Khan led many Khoshuds to ocupy Kokenuur, and he was enthroned as king of Tibet by Dalai Lama V (see: Upper Mongols). Some time after 1645, his brother Kondeleng Ubashi migrated to the Volga, joining the Kalmyks. However, many Khoshuts remained in the Oirat homeland Zungaria under Ochirtu Setsen.
After the Zunghar leader Galdan Boshogtu Khan killed Ochirtu, the Khoshut chief Khoroli submitted to the Qing Dynasty with his people in 1686 and resettled in Alashan. They numbered 36,900 in 1990.
The Khoshuts of the Zunghar Empire remained influential until the Qing annihilated them in 1755. In 1771 the Volga Khoshuts fled back to Zungaria with the Kalmyks and were resettled by the Qing around Bosten Lake. They numbered more than 12,000 in 1999. Their small remnants under Tumen family in Kalmykia were influential until 1917. Another part of them was formed into a separate banner in Bulgan Sum, Khovd Province; but they were counted as Torghut who migrated with them in much larger number.
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