Monad

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Monad may refer to:

In philosophy:

• Monad (Greek philosophy) a term used by ancient philosophers Pythagoras, Parmenides, Xenophanes, Plato, Aristotle, and Plotinus as a term for God or the first being, or the totality of all being.
• Monism, the concept of "one essence" in the metaphysical and theological theory
• Monad (Gnosticism), the most primal aspect of God in Gnosticism
• Monadology, a book of philosophy by Gottfried Leibniz in which monads are a basic unit of perceptual reality
• Monadologia Physica by Immanuel Kant
• The Cup or Monad, a text in the Corpus Hermetica

In mathematics and computer science:

• Monad (category theory), a construction in category theory
• Monadic predicate calculus is a form of logic based on unary operators
• Monad (functional programming), type constructors that are used in functional programming languages to capture various notions of computation
• Monad (non-standard analysis), describes the set of points infinitely close to a given point.

In music:

• Monad (music), a single note, in contradistinction to a dyad, triad, tetrad, etc

In proper names and popular culture:

• Monad (Technocracy), the symbol of Technocracy Incorporated and the Technocratic movement of North America
• Windows PowerShell, a command line interface for Microsoft Windows code-named "Monad"
• Xmonad, a window manager for the X Window System
• John Monad, title character of the television series John from Cincinnati

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