New Mexico Territory
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The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico.
The western portion of New Mexico came from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, while the remainder of eastern New Mexico (from the Rio Grande to the present New Mexico-Texas border) was added as consequence of the Compromise of 1850. The Gadsden Purchase of 1853 added a smaller additional area to New Mexico Territory—the southernmost strip of Arizona and New Mexico.[1]
The land contained in the original 1850 New Mexico Territory was the western portion of the future state, plus most of future Arizona (known as Santa Ana County), a small part of Colorado, and Nevada south of 36° 30' N.[2] The Texan cession and the Gadsden Purchase expanded the territory greatly, but the establishment of Colorado Territory on February 28, 1861 and of Arizona Territory on February 24, 1863 (west of the 109th meridian) left New Mexico with its present boundaries.[3]
As the route to California, New Mexico and Arizona were disputed territory during the American Civil War, resulting in Gadsden settlers willingly joining the Confederate States of America. The "Gettysburg of the West" gave the area primarily to the Union at the Battle of Glorieta Pass. Confederate Arizona Territory was the first American incarnation of Arizona.[4]
[edit] See also
- Adams-Onís Treaty, 1819
- American Civil War, 1861-1865
- Compromise of 1850
- Gadsden Purchase, 1853
- Governors of the Territory of New Mexico
- History of New Mexico
- Mexican-American War, 1846-1848
- Territorial evolution of the United States
- Territories of Spain that encompassed land that would later become part of the Territory of New Mexico:
- Nueva Vizcaya, 1562-1821
- Santa Fé de Nuevo Méjico, 1598-1821
- Tejas, 1690-1821
- Sonora y Sinaloa, 1732-1821
- Luisiana, 1764-1803
- Territory of France that encompassed land that would later become part of the Territory of New Mexico:
- Louisiane, 1682–1764 and 1803
- States and territory of Mexico that encompassed land that would later become part of the Territory of New Mexico:
- Santa Fé de Nuevo México, 1824-1848
- Coahuila y Tejas, 1824-1836
- Sonora y Sinaloa (Estado de Occidente), 1824-1830
- Sonora, 1830
- Territorial claim of the Republic of Texas, 1836-1845
- U.S. territories that encompassed land that would later become part of the Territory of New Mexico:
- Louisiana Purchase, 1803-1804
- District of Louisiana, 1804-1805
- Territory of Louisiana, 1805-1812
- Territory of Missouri, 1812-1821
- Former territorial claim of the Republic of Texas, 1845-1850
- U.S. military government of New Mexico, 1846
- U.S. provisional government of New Mexico, 1846-1850
- Mexican Cession, 1848
- Territory of Deseret, 1849-1850 (extralegal)
- U.S. territories that encompassed land that had previously been part of the Territory of New Mexico:
- Territory of Colorado, 1861-1876
- Territory of Arizona, 1863-1912
- U.S. states that encompass land that had once been part of the Territory of New Mexico:
- State of Nevada, 1864
- State of Colorado, 1876
- State of New Mexico, 1912
- State of Arizona, 1912
- Territories of Spain that encompassed land that would later become part of the Territory of New Mexico:
- Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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