Oribatida

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Oribatida
Nothrus truncatus (Holosomata: Nothridae)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Subphylum: Chelicerata Class: Arachnida Subclass: Acarina Superorder: Acariformes Order: Oribatida Dugès, 1834
Diversity
c. 200 families, 1,200 genera, 6,600 species
Suborders
Brachypylina Enarthronota Holosomata Mixonomata Palaeosomata Parhyposomata
Synonyms
Cryptostigmata

Oribatida (formerly Cryptostigmata), also called oribatid mites, beetle mites or armored mites, are one of the orders of mites, in the "chewing Acariformes" clade Sarcoptiformes.

Oribatida are one of the most numerically dominant arthropod groups in the organic horizons of most soils, where their densities can reach several hundred thousand individuals per square meter. Undisturbed soils can easily yield examples of 50-100 species. Within soils, oribatids help to promote fungal and bacterial growth through their feeding actions, as well as contribute to soil microstructure through addition of fecal material to the soil substrate.

Oribatid mites have five active postembryonic instars: larva, 3 nymphal instars and the adult. All these stages feed on a wide variety of material including living and dead plant and fungal material, lichens and carrion, some are predaceous; but none is parasitic; and feeding habits may differ between immatures and adults of the same species.

Oribatid mites generally have low metabolic rates, slow development and low fecundity. Species are iteroparous with adults living a relatively long time; for example, estimates of development time from egg to adult vary from several months to two years in temperate forest soils.

Contents 1 Systematics 1.1 Palaeosomata 1.2 Parhyposomata 1.3 Enarthronota 1.4 Mixonomata 1.5 Holosomata 1.6 Brachypylina 2 Footnotes 3 References

[edit] Systematics

The Oribatida as delimited here are probably paraphyletic with regards to the Astigmata, and would have to be split into two. Some taxa presently in the Oribatida (e.g. certain Desmonomata) appear closer to the Astigmata than to other oribatids. How exactly the two lineages would be delimited and which one would retain the name is subject of ongoing research.

[edit] Palaeosomata

• Palaeosomata Grandjean, 1969

• Acaronychoidea Grandjean, 1932 (6 genera)

• Acaronychidae Grandjean, 1932

• Palaeacaroidea Grandjean, 1932 (8 genera)

• Palaeacaridae Grandjean, 1932

[edit] Parhyposomata

• Parhyposomata Balogh & Mahunka, 1979

• Parhypochthonioidea Grandjean, 1969 (3 genera)

• Parhypochthoniidae Grandjean, 1969
• Gehypochthoniidae Strenzke, 1963
• Elliptochthoniidae Norton, 1975

[edit] Enarthronota

• Enarthronota Grandjean, 1947

• Hypochthonoidea Berlese, 1910 (c. 8 genera)

• Hypochthoniidae Berlese, 1910
• Eniochthoniidae Grandjean, 1947
• Arborichthoniidae Balogh & Balogh, 1992

• Brachychthonoidea Thor, 1934 (c. 11 genera)

• Brachychthoniidae Thor, 1934

• Cosmochthonioidea Grandjean, 1947 (c. 14 genera)

• Cosmochthoniidae Grandjean, 1947
• Heterochthoniidae Grandjean, 1954
• Haplochthoniidae Hammen, 1959
• Pediculochelidae Lavoipierre, 1946
• Sphaerochthoniidae Grandjean, 1947

• Atopochthonioidea Grandjean, 1949 (3 genera)

• Atopochthoniidae Grandjean, 1949
• Pterochthoniidae Grandjean, 1950
• Phyllochthoniidae Travé, 1967

• Protoplophoroidea Ewing, 1917 (c. 7 genera)

• Protoplophoridae Ewing, 1917

[edit] Mixonomata

• Mixonomata Grandjean, 1969

• Dichosomata Balogh & Mahunka, 1979

• Nehypochthonioidea Norton & Metz, 1980

• Nehypochthoniidae Norton & Metz, 1980

• Perlohmannioidea Grandjean, 1954

• Perlohmaniidae Grandjean, 1954
• Collohmanniidae Grandjean, 1958

• Eulohmannioidea Grandjean, 1931

• Eulohmanniidae Grandjean, 1931

• Epilohmannioidea Oudemans, 1923

• Epilohmanniidae Oudemans, 1923

• Lohmannioidea Berlese, 1916

• Lohmanniidae Berlese, 1916

• Euptyctima Grandjean, 1967

• Mesoplophoroidea Ewing, 1917

• Mesoplophoridae Ewing, 1917

• Euphthiracaroidea Jacot, 1930

• Oribotritiidae Grandjean, 1954
• Euphthiracaridae Jacot, 1930
• Synichotritiidae Walker, 1965

• Phthiracaroidea Perty, 1841

• Phthiracaridae Perty, 1841

[edit] Holosomata

• Holosomata Grandjean, 1969

• Crotonioidea Thorell, 1876

• Thrypochthoniidae Willmann, 1931
• Malaconothridae Berlese, 1916
• Nothridae Berlese, 1896
• Camisiidae Oudemans, 1900
• Crotoniidae Thorell, 1876

• Nanhermannioidea Sellnick, 1928

• Nanhermanniidae Sellnick, 1928

• Hermannioidea Sellnick, 1928

• Hermanniidae Sellnick, 1928

[edit] Brachypylina

• Brachypylina Hull, 1918

• Pycnonoticae Grandjean, 1954

• Hermannielloidea Grandjean, 1934 (2 families)
• Neoliodoidea Sellnick, 1928 (1 family)
• Plateremaeoidea Trägårdh, 1926 (4 families)
• Gymnodamaeoidea Grandjean, 1954 (2 families)
• Damaeoidea Berlese, 1896 (1 family)
• Polypterozetoidea Grandjean, 1959 (2 families)
• Cepheoidea Berlese, 1896 (7 families)
• Charassobatoidea Grandjean, 1958 (3 families)
• Microzetoidea Grandjean, 1936 (1 family)
• Zetorchestoidea Michael, 1898 (1 family)
• Gustavioidea Oudemans, 1900 (8 families)
• Eremaeoidea Oudemans, 1900 (4 families)
• Amerobelboidea Grandjean, 1954 (10 families)
• Eremelloidea Balogh, 1961 (7 families)
• Oppioidea Sellnick, 1937 (12 families)
• Trizetoidea Ewing, 1917 (6 families)
• Otocepheoidea Balogh, 1961 (4 families)
• Carabodoidea Koch, 1837 (3 families)
• Tectocepheoidea Grandjean, 1954 (2 families)
• Hydrozetoidea Grandjean, 1954 (1 family)
• Ameronothroidea Willmann, 1931 (3 families)
• Cymbaeremaeoidea Sellnick, 1928 (3 families)

• Poronoticae Grandjean, 1954

• Licneremaeoidea Grandjean, 1931 (6 families)
• Phenopelopoidea Petrunkevitch, 1955 (1 family)
• Unduloribatoidea Kunst, 1971 (3 families)
• Limnozetoidea Thor, 1937 (2 families)
• Achipterioidea Thor, 1929 (2 families)
• Oribatelloidea Jacot, 1925 (3 families)
• Ceratozetoidea Jacot, 1925 (5 families)
• Zetomotrichoidea Grandjean, 1934 (1 family)
• Oripodoidea Jacot, 1925 (19 families)
• Galumnoidea Jacot, 1925 (3 families)

[edit] Footnotes

[edit] References

• Baker E. 1952. An Introduction to Acarology. New York: The MacMillan Company.
• Krantz GW. 1978. A Manual of Acarology Second Edition. Oregon State University Book Stores, Corvallis, OR.
• Woolley T. 1988. Acarology: Mites and Human Welfare. New York: Wiley Interscience.
• Halliday RB, Walter DE, Proctor HC, Norton RA & Colloff MJ (Eds.). 2001. Acarology, Proceedings of the 10th International Congress. [5-10 July 1998] CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. 960 pp
• Walter DE & Proctor HC. 2001. Mites in Soil, An interactive key to mites and other soil microarthropods. ABRS Identification Series. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria.
• Subías, Luis S. (2007): Listado sistemático, sinonímico y biogeográfico de los ácaros oribátidos (Acariformes: Oribatida) del mundo (Excepto fósiles). PDF — most up to date catalogue available