Template:Germanic philology

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v • d • e Germanic languages · Germanic philology Language subgroups East Germanic · West Germanic · North Germanic · Northwest Germanic · Ingvaeonic · English Reconstructed Proto-Germanic Historical languages North Proto-Norse · Old Norse · Old Gutnish · Norn · Greenlandic Norse East Gothic · Crimean Gothic · Vandalic · Burgundian West Old Low German · Middle Low German · Old High German · Middle High German · Old Frankish · Old Dutch · Middle Dutch · Old Frisian · Middle Frisian · Old English · Middle English · Early Scots · Middle Scots · Lombardic · Yola Modern languages Afrikaans · Alemannic · Danish · Dutch · English · Faroese · German · Icelandic · Limburgish · Low German · Luxembourgish · North Frisian · Norwegian · Saterland Frisian · Scots · Swedish · West Frisian · Yiddish Diachronic features Grimm's law · Verner's law · Holtzmann's law · Sievers' law · Germanic substrate hypothesis · West Germanic gemination · High German consonant shift · Germanic a-mutation · Germanic umlaut · Germanic spirant law · Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law · Great vowel shift Synchronic features Germanic verb · Germanic strong verb · Germanic weak verb · Preterite-present verb · Grammatischer Wechsel · Indo-European ablaut Language histories English (phonology) · Scots (phonology) · German · Dutch · Danish · Icelandic · Swedish